

In Unani medicine, digestive health centers on Hazm (digestion), governed primarily by the Mi’da (stomach) and supported by Jigar (liver), with healthy function depending on adequate Hararat-e-Ghariziya (innate heat) to properly “cook” and convert ingested food (Ghiza) into Kaimoos and subsequently into the four humors (Akhlat). Disruption is broadly termed Su-e-Hazm (impaired digestion), which is further classified by the dominant Mizaj imbalance — Su-e-Hazm Har (hot type, with burning sensation, acidity, excessive thirst), Su-e-Hazm Bard (cold type, with heaviness, bloating, weak appetite), Su-e-HazmRatb (moist/phlegmatic type, with mucus, sluggishness), or Su-e-HazmYabis (dry type, with constipation, dryness). Management follows Ilaj-bil-Ghiza (dietary correction matched to the opposite Mizaj), Mufradat and Murakkabat suited to the specific imbalance (e.g., Zeera, Ajwain, Sonth for Bardi types; cooling agents like Tukhm-e-Khurfa for Har types), and Ilaj-bil-Tadbeer such as regulated meal timing, avoiding Ikhtilat-e-Ghiza (incompatible food combinations), and adequate rest after meals to preserve the stomach’s natural digestive strength (Quwwat-e-Hazima).
